Advertisement
Research Article| Volume 189, ISSUE 5, P1297-1300, November 2003

Treatment of vaginitis caused by Candida glabrata: use of topical boric acid and flucytosine

  • Jack D Sobel
    Correspondence
    Reprint requests: Jack D. Sobel, MD, Division of Infectious Diseases, Harper Hospital, 3990 John R, Detroit, MI 48201.
    Affiliations
    From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine,a and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ben Gurion University.b, USA
    Search for articles by this author
  • Walter Chaim
    Affiliations
    From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine,a and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ben Gurion University.b, USA
    Search for articles by this author
  • Viji Nagappan
    Affiliations
    From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine,a and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ben Gurion University.b, USA
    Search for articles by this author
  • Deborah Leaman
    Affiliations
    From the Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine,a and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ben Gurion University.b, USA
    Search for articles by this author

      Abstract

      Objective

      The purpose of this study was to review the treatment outcome and safety of topical therapy with boric acid and flucytosine in women with Candida glabrata vaginitis.

      Study design

      This was a retrospective review of case records of 141 women with positive vaginal cultures of C glabrata at two sites, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Ben Gurion University.

      Results

      The boric acid regimen, 600 mg daily for 2 to 3 weeks, achieved clinical and mycologic success in 47 of 73 symptomatic women (64%) in Detroit and 27 of 38 symptomatic women (71%) in Beer Sheba. No advantage was observed in extending therapy for 14 to 21 days. Topical flucytosine cream administered nightly for 14 days was associated with a successful outcome in 27 of 30 of women (90%) whose condition had failed to respond to boric acid and azole therapy. Local side effects were uncommon with both regimens.

      Conclusions

      Topical boric acid and flucytosine are useful additions to therapy for women with azole-refractory C glabrata vaginitis.

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Fidel Jr., P.L.
        • Vazquez J.A.
        • Sobel J.D.
        Candida glabrata: review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical disease with comparison to C albicans.
        Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999; 12: 80-96
        • Sobel J.D.
        • Faro S.
        • Force R.W.
        • Foxman B.
        • Ledger W.J.
        • Nyirjesy P.R.
        • et al.
        Vulvovaginal candidiasis: epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic considerations.
        Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998; 178: 203-211
        • Geiger A.M.
        • Foxman B.
        • Sobel J.D.
        Chronic vulvovaginal candidiasis: characteristics of women with Candida albicans, C glabrata and no candida.
        Genitourin Med. 1995; 71: 304-307
        • Horowitz B.J.
        • Giaquinta D.
        • Ito S.
        Evolving pathogens in vulvovaginal candidiasis: implications for patient care.
        J Clin Pharmacol. 1992; 32: 248-255
        • Spinillo A.
        • Capuzzo E.
        • Egbe T.O.
        • Baltaro F.
        • Nicola S.
        • Piazzi G.
        Torulopsis glabrata vaginitis.
        Obstet Gynecol. 1995; 85: 993-998
        • Sobel J.D.
        • Brooker D.
        • Stein G.E.
        • Thomason J.L.
        • Wermeling D.P.
        • Weinstein L.
        • et al.
        Single oral dose fluconazole compared with conventional topical therapy of Candida vaginitis.
        Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995; 172: 1263-1268
        • Sobel J.D.
        • Kapernick P.S.
        • Zervos M.
        • Reed B.D.
        • Hooton T.
        • Soper D.
        • et al.
        Treatment of complicated Candida vaginitis: comparison of single and sequential doses of fluconazole.
        Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001; 185: 363-369
        • Lynch M.E.
        • Sobel J.D.
        Comparative in vitro activity of antimycotic agents against pathogenic vaginal yeast isolates.
        J Med Vet Mycol. 1994; 32: 267-274
        • Redondo-Lopez V.
        • Lynch M.
        • Schmitt C.
        • Cook R.
        • Sobel J.D.
        Torulopsis glabrata vaginitis: clinical aspects and susceptibility to antifungal agents.
        Obstet Gynecol. 1990; 76: 651-655
        • Pfaller M.A.
        • Messer S.A.
        • Hollis R.J.
        • Jones R.N.
        • Diekema D.J.
        In vitro activities of ravuconazole and voriconazole compared with those of four approved systemic antifungal agents against 6,970 clinical isolates of Candida spp.
        Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002; 46: 1723-1727
        • Sobel J.D.
        • Chaim W.
        Treatment of Torulopsis glabrata vaginitis: retrospective review of boric acid therapy.
        Clin Infect Dis. 1997; 24: 649-652
        • Horowitz B.J.
        Topical flucytosine therapy for chronic recurrent Candida tropicalis infections.
        J Reprod Med. 1986; 31: 821-824
        • National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards 1994
        Development of in vitro susceptibility testing criteria and quality control parameters: approved guidelines M 27-A.
        National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova (PA)1994
        • Jovanovic R.
        • Congema E.
        • Nguyen H.T.
        Antifungal agents vs. boric acid for treating chronic mycotic vulvovaginitis.
        J Reprod Med. 1991; 36: 593-597
        • White D.J.
        • Habib A.R.
        • Vanthuyne A.
        • Langford S.
        • Symonds M.
        Combined topical flucytosine and amphotericin B for refractory vaginal Candida glabrata infections.
        Sex Transm Infect. 2001; 77: 212-213
        • Denning D.W.
        Echinocandins: a new class of antifungal.
        J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002; 49: 889-891