American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 202, Issue 6 , Pages 579.e1-579.e7, June 2010

Tissue tumor marker expression in smokers, including serum cotinine concentrations, in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or normal squamous cervical epithelium

  • Raghad Samir, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Falun Hospital, Falun, Sweden
    • ,
  • Anna Asplund, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    • ,
  • Tibor Tot, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology and Clinical Cytology, Falun Hospital, Falun, Sweden
    • ,
  • Gyula Pekar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology and Clinical Cytology, Falun Hospital, Falun, Sweden
    • ,
  • Dan Hellberg, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Center for Clinical Research, Falun, Sweden
    • Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprints: Dan Hellberg, MD, Center for Clinical Research, Nissers väg 3, 791 82 Falun, Sweden

Received 9 June 2009; received in revised form 27 August 2009; accepted 18 November 2009. published online 08 January 2010.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between smoking and serum cotinine, respectively, and tumor marker expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and normal epithelium.

Study Design

Women (n = 228) with cervical biopsy specimens that ranged histologically from normal to carcinoma in situ (CIN III) were included. Expression of 11 tumor markers with possible relevance in cervical neoplasms was studied. Smoking habits were recorded, and serum was assessed for cotinine concentrations.

Results

No differences were found in tumor marker expression in normal epithelium between smokers and nonsmokers. The tumor suppressors p53 and fragile histidine triad and the immunologic marker interleukin-10 were underexpressed, and the tumor markers cyclooxygenase-2 and Ki-67 were overexpressed in smoking, compared with nonsmoking, women with CIN and particularly in all fertile women.

Conclusion

The molecular pattern indicates that smoking exerts unfavorable effects in cervical neoplasia. This provides biologic evidence of smoking being a true cofactor in cervical neoplasia.

Key words: smoking, tumor marker, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical epithelium

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 Authorship and contribution to the article is limited to the 5 authors indicated. There was no outside funding or technical assistance with the production of this article.

 Cite this article as: Samir R, Asplund A, Tot T, et al. Tissue tumor marker expression in smokers, including serum cotinine concentrations, in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or normal squamous cervical epithelium. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;202:579.e1-7.

PII: S0002-9378(09)02208-X

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2009.11.034

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 202, Issue 6 , Pages 579.e1-579.e7, June 2010

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