American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 198, Issue 4 , Pages 373.e1-373.e7 , April 2008

Clinical effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in patients with adenomyosis

  • SiHyun Cho, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Anna Nam, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • HyeYeon Kim, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • DooByung Chay, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, YongIn Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Kyunggi-do, Korea.
    • ,
  • KiHyun Park, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Dong Je Cho, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • YongWon Park, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • ByungSeok Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprints: ByungSeok Lee, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 146-92 Dogok-dong, KangNam-gu, Seoul 135-720, Korea.

Received 11 May 2007 ,Accepted 12 October 2007.

References 

  1. Azziz R. Adenomyosis: current perspectives. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1989;16:221–235
  2. Arnold LL, Ascher SM, Scruefer JJ, Simon JA. The nonsurgical diagnosis of adenomyosis. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;86:461–465
  3. McCausland AM, McCausland VM. Depth of endomterial penetration in adenomyosis helps determine outcome of rollerball ablation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;174:1786–1793
  4. Takebayashi T, Fujino Y, Umesaki N, Ogita S. Danazol suspension injected into uterine cervix of patients with adenomyosis and myoma. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1995;39:207–211
  5. Nelson JR, Corson SL. Long-term management of adenomyosis with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist: a case report. Fertil Steril. 1993;59:441–443
  6. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Raffaelli R, Portuese A, Dorta M. Treatment of adenomyosis-associated menorrhagia with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Fertil Steril. 1997;68:426–429
  7. Fong YF, Singh K. Medical treatment of a grossly enlarged adenomyosis uterus with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Contraception. 1999;60:173–175
  8. Sivin I. Potential benefits in developing countries through use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Gynaecol Forum. 1998;3:23–25
  9. Haberal A, Kayikcioglu F, Gunes M, Kaplan M, Ozdegirmenci O. The effect of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system on uterine artery blood flow 1 year after insertion. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006;27:316–319
  10. Maia H, Maltez A, Coelho G, Athayde C, Coutinho EM. Insertion of mirena after endometrial resection in patients with adenomyosis. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 2003;10:512–516
  11. Fedele L, Bianchi S, Dorta M, Arcaini L, Zanotti F, Carinelli S. Transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of diffuse adenomyosis. Fertil Steril. 1992;58:94–97
  12. Reinhold C, Atri M, Mehio A, Zakarian R, Aldis AE, Bret PM. Diffuse uterine adenomyosis: morphologic criteria and diagnostic accuracy of endovaginal sonography. Radiology. 1995;197:609–614
  13. Bazot M, Cortez A, Darai E, et al. Ultrasonography compared with magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of adenomyosis: correlation with histopathology. Hum Reprod. 2001;16:2427–2433
  14. Higham JM, O’Brien PM, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. BJOG. 1990;97:734–739
  15. Revill SI, Robinson JO, Rosen M, Hogg MIJ. The reliability of a linear analogue scale for evaluating pain. Anesthesia. 1976;31:1191–1196
  16. Luukkainen T, Lahteenmaki P, Toivonen J. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. Ann Med. 1990;22:85–90
  17. Xiao B, Wu SC, Chong J. Therapeutic effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in the treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia. Fertil Steril. 2003;79:963–969
  18. Barrinton JW, Bowen-Simpkins P. The levonorgestrel intrauterine system in the management of menorrhagia. BJOG. 1997;104:614–616
  19. Jarvela I, Tekay A, Jouppila P. The effect of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system on uterine artery blood flow, hormone concentrations and ovarian cyst formation in fertile women. Hum Reprod. 1998;13:3379–3383
  20. Pakarinen P, Luukkainen T, Laine H, Lahteenmaki P. The effect of local intrauterine levonorgestrel administration on endometrial thickness and uterine blood circulation. Hum Reprod. 1995;10:2390–2394
  21. Zalel Y, Shulman A, Lidor A, Achiron R, Mashiach S, Gamzu R. The local progestational effect of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: a sonographic and Doppler flow study. Hum Reprod. 2002;17:2878–2880
  22. Vercellini P, Frontino G, De Giorgi O, Aimi G, Zaina B, Crosignani PG. Comparison of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device versus expectant management after conservative surgery for symptomatic endometriosis: a pilot study. Fertil Steril. 2003;80:305–309
  23. Lockhat FB, Emembolu JO, Konje JC. The efficacy, side-effects and continuation rates in women with symptomatic endometriosis undergoing treatment with an intra-uterine administered progestogen (levonorgestrel): a 3 year follow-up. Hum Reprod. 2005;20:789–793
  24. Vercellini P, Vigano P, Somigliana E. The role of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the management of symptomatic endometriosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2005;17:359–365
  25. Nilsson CG, Lahteenmaki P, Luukkainen T. Levonorgestrel plasma concentrations and hormone profiles after insertion and after one year of treatment with a levonorgestrel IUD. Contraception. 1980;21:225–233
  26. Xiao BL, Zhou LY, Zhang XL, Jia MC, Luukkainen T, Allonen H. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Contraception. 1990;41:353–362
  27. Lockhat FB, Emembolu JE, Konje JC. Serum and peritoneal fluid levels of levonorgestrel in women with endometriosis who were treated with an intrauterine contraceptive device containing levonorgestrel. Fertil Steril. 2005;83:398–404
  28. Rauramo I, Elo I, Istre O. Long-term treatment of menorrhagia with levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus endometrial resection. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104:1314–1321
  29. Dueholm M. Transvaginal ultrasound for diagnosis of adenomyosis: a review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2006;20:569–582
  30. Levgur M. Therapeutic options for adenomyosis: a review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2007;276:1–15

 Cite this article as: Cho S, Nam A, Kim H, et al. Clinical effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in patients with adenomyosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:373.e1-373.e7.

PII: S0002-9378(07)02020-0

doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.798

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 198, Issue 4 , Pages 373.e1-373.e7 , April 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution