American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 197, Issue 4 , Pages 404.e1-404.e5 , October 2007

Level of glycemic control and pregnancy outcome in type 1 diabetes: a comparison between multiple daily insulin injections and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions

This study was presented at the 27th Annual Clinical Meeting of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, San Francisco, CA, Feb. 5-10, 2007.

Received 11 March 2007 ,Revised 24 April 2007 ,Accepted 7 June 2007.

References 

  1. Barfield W, Martin J, Hoyert D. Racial/ethnic trends in fetal mortality in United States, 1990-2000. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53:529–532
  2. Hawthorne G, Robson S, Ryall EA, Sen D, Roberts SH, Ward Platt MP. Prospective population based survey of outcome of pregnancy in diabetic women: results of the northern diabetic pregnancy audit, 1994. BMJ. 1997;315:279–281
  3. Casson IF, Clarke CA, Howard CV, et al. Outcomes of pregnancy in insulin dependent diabetic women: results of a five year population cohort study. BMJ. 1997;315:275–278
  4. Vaarasmaki M, Gissler M, Ritvanen A, Hartikainen AL. Congenital anomalies and first year life surveillance in type 1 diabetic births. Diabet Med. 2002;19:589–593
  5. Diabetes and Pregnancy Group, France. French multicentric survey of outcome of pregnancy in women with pregestational diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26:2990–2993
  6. Evers IM, de Valk HW, Visser GH. Risk of complications of pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes: nationwide prospective study in the Netherlands. BMJ. 2004;328:915–920
  7. Penney GC, Mair G, Pearson DW. Scottish Diabetes in Pregnancy Group (Outcomes of pregnancies in women with type 1 diabetes in Scotland: a national population-based study). BJOG. 2003;110:315–318
  8. Coustan DR, Reece EA, Sherwin RS, et al. Randomized clinical trial of the insulin pump vs intensive conventional therapy in diabetic pregnancies. JAMA. 1986;255:631–636
  9. Carta Q, Meriggi E, Trossarelli GF, et al. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus intensive conventional insulin therapy in type I and type II diabetic pregnancy. Diabet Metab. 1986;12:121–129
  10. Kitzmiller JL, Younger MD, Hare JW, et al. Continuous subcutaneous insulin therapy during early pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1985;66:606–611
  11. Simmons D, Thompson CF, Conroy C, Scott DJ. Use of insulin pumps in pregnancies complicated by type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes in a multiethnic community. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:2078–2082
  12. Gabbe SG, Holing E, Temple P, Brown ZA. Benefits, risks, costs, and patient satisfaction associated with insulin pump therapy for the pregnancy complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;182:1283–1291
  13. Lapolla A, Dalfra MG, Masin M, et al. Analysis of outcome of pregnancy in type 1 diabetics treated with insulin pump or conventional insulin therapy. Acta Diabetol. 2003;40:143–149
  14. Bar J, Hod M, Erman A, et al. Microalbuminuria as an early predictor of hypertensive complications in pregnant women at high risk. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;28:220–225
  15. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2002;Practice bulletin no. 33
  16. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:S1–S22
  17. Dollberg S, Haklai Z, Mimouni FB, Gorfein I, Gordon ES. Birth weight standards in the live-born population in Israel. Isr Med Assoc J. 2005;7:311–314
  18. Workshop Report. Diabetes care and research in Europe. The Saint Vincent declaration. Diabet Med. 1990;7:360
  19. Macintosh MC, Fleming KM, Bailey JA, et al. Perinatal mortality and congenital anomalies in babies of women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: population based study. BMJ. 2006;333:177
  20. Leveno KJ, Fortunato SJ, Raskin P, Williams ML, Whalley PJ. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during pregnancy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1988;4:257–268
  21. Kitzmiller JL, Gavin LA, Gin GD, Jovanovic-Peterson L, Main EK, Zigrang WD. Preconception care of diabetes (Glycemic control prevents congenital anomalies). JAMA. 1991;265:731–736
  22. Jensen BM, Kuhl C, Molsted-Pedersen L, Saurbrey N, Fog-Pedersen J. Preconceptional treatment with insulin infusion pumps in insulin-dependent diabetic women with particular reference to prevention of congenital malformations. Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh). 1986;277:81–85
  23. Potter JM, Reckless JP, Cullen DR. The effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and conventional insulin regimes on 24-hour variations of blood glucose and intermediary metabolites in the third trimester of diabetic pregnancy. Diabetologia. 1981;21:534–539
  24. Burkart W, Hanker JP, Schneider HP. Complications and fetal outcome in diabetic pregnancy (Intensified conventional versus insulin pump therapy). Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1988;26:104–112
  25. Rosenn BM, Miodovnik M, Holcberg G, Khoury JC, Siddiqi TA. Hypoglycemia: the price of intensive insulin therapy for pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;85:417–422
  26. Kimmerle R, Heinemann L, Delecki A, Berger M. Severe hypoglycemia incidence and predisposing factors in 85 pregnancies of type I diabetic women. Diabetes Care. 1992;15:1034–1037
  27. Lindenbaum C, Menzin A, Ludmir J. Diabetic ketoacidosis in pregnancy resulting from insulin pump failure: a case report. J Reprod Med. 1993;38:306–308

 Cite this article as: Chen R, Ben-Haroush A, Weissmann-Brenner A, et al. Level of glycemic control and pregnancy outcome in type 1 diabetes: a comparison between multiple daily insulin injections and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007;197:404.e1-404.e5.

PII: S0002-9378(07)00736-3

doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.06.007

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 197, Issue 4 , Pages 404.e1-404.e5 , October 2007

Article Tools