« Previous
Next »
American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 198, Issue 1
, Pages 32.e1-32.e7
, January 2008
Cervicovaginal colposcopic lesions associated with 5 nonoxynol-9 vaginal spermicide formulations
References
- . Contraceptive failure in the United States. Contraception. 2004;70:89–96
- . Unintended pregnancy in the United States. Fam Plann Persp. 1998;30:24–29
- . Use of contraception and use of family planning services in the United States: 1982-2002. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2004;
- . The effects of frequent nonoxynol-9 use on the vaginal and cervical mucosa. Sex Transm Dis. 1991;18:176–179
- . Phase 1 trial of nonoxynol-9 film among sex workers in South Africa. AIDS. 1999;13:1511–1515
- . A dosing study of nonoxynol-9 and genital irritation. Int J STD AIDS. 1993;4:165–170
- . Manual for the standardization of colposcopy for the evaluation of vaginally administered product. Geneva: World Health Organization Global Programme on AIDS; 1995;WHO/GPA/RID/95.10
- . Contraceptive effectiveness and Safety of five nonoxynol-9 spermicides: a randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103:430–439
- . Manual for the standardization of colposcopy for the evaluation of vaginal products, update 2000. Geneva: CONRAD/WHO; 2000;CONRAD/2000.1, WHO/RHR/00.11.
- . Generalized estimating equations. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC; 2003;
- Mucosal disruption due to use of a widely-distributed commercial vaginal product: potential to facilitate HIV transmission. AIDS. 1998;12:767–773
- . Effects of long-term use of nonoxynol-9 on vaginal flora. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:136–143
- Safety of multiple daily applications of COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, among female sex workers (COL-1492 Phase II Study Group). AIDS. 2000;14:85–88
- Safety study of nonoxynol-9 as a vaginal microbicide: evidence of adverse effects. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998;17:327–331
- . A phase I comparative study of contraceptive vaginal films containing benzalkonium chloride and nonoxynol-9 (Postcoital testing and colposcopy). Contraception. 1997;56:89–96
- . A phase I comparative study of three contraceptive vaginal films containing nonoxynol-9: postcoital testing and colposcopy. Contraception. 1997;56:97–102
- . Comparison of spermicides on vulvar, vaginal, and cervical mucosa. Contraception. 1996;53:147–153
- . The effects of three nonoxynol-9 preparations on vaginal flora and epithelium. J Infect Dis. 1999;180:426–437
- Safety evaluation of nonoxynol-9 gel in women at low risk of HIV infection. AIDS. 1998;12:433–437
- A new vaginal antimicrobial contraceptive formulation: phase I clinical pilot studies. Contraception. 2000;62:91–97
- Phase I safety and preliminary acceptability of nonoxynol-9 vaginal pessary as a vaginal microbicide in low risk women in Pune, India. Indian J Med Res. 2003;117:152–157
- . Safety and tolerability of the new contraceptive sponge Protectaid. Eur J Contracep Reprod Health Care. 2002;7:91–95
Reprints not available from the authors.
Funded by Family Health International, Durham, NC, with federal funds from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, under contract number N01-HD-7-3271, and by NIH General Clinical Research Center Grant M01RR000056 at the University of Pittsburgh.
Cite this article as: Harwood B, Meyn LA, Ballagh SA, Raymond EG, Archer DF, Creinin MD. Cervicovaginal colposcopic lesions associated with 5 nonoxynol-9 vaginal spermicide formulations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:32.e1-32.e7.
PII: S0002-9378(07)00634-5
doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.020
© 2008 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology
Volume 198, Issue 1
, Pages 32.e1-32.e7
, January 2008
